Process of making ammonia.



warren EMIL GOLLETT AND MORITZ ECKARDT, OF CHRISTIANIA, NORWAY.

PROCESS OF MAKING AMMGNIA.

No Drawing.

Specificatiorgof Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 19, 1911 Application filed February 18, 1910. Serial No. 544,692.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EMIL CoLLn'r'r, a subject of the King g f llorwayran'd-Monlrz EoKAno'r, a s ubjec't of the Emperor of Germany, both" residing at Christiania, Norway, havennvented certain new and useful Im- --"p rovements in the Process of Making'Amtrates in a state of solution or in an evaporated solid condition, are mixed with the cyanogencompound. The generation of ammonia will now beeasily effected and at a comparatively low temperature. In some cases it has been found useful to' carry out the process while using a constant supply of water or aqueous vapor which may or may not be heatedabove the temperature necessary for the reaction. In this case the ammonia will be carried away together with the aqueous vapor and can then be readily condensed.

Nitrate of calcium, for instance in the form of common commercial nitrate of lime 'ora solution of. the same, has proved particularly useful as a nitrate. in employing this the residue of reaction contains besides carbonate of lime.

nit-rate of calcium, products of decomposition from the cyanogen compound, chlefiy The reaction can be so performed that some nitrogen remains in the residue. This remainder of nitrogen, which by the usual method is lost, will now be fully utilized, if the residue is worked with nitrate of lime,

for example, in the following manner: Theresidue from the production of ammonia is brought together with diluted nitric acid. The contents of calcium in .the residue will in this manner be converted into nitrate of lime. It will be possible to use the latter together with the nitrate of lime already at hand which has been used for the-production of aminoniaas a manure, the remainder of the nitrogen retained in the residue being then utilized at the same time. Thus the mam advantage of this process substan- *ti'ally'consists in the following features: The production of ammonia takes place most readily at ordinary atmospheric pressure andwith an excellent yield. r While the residue containing the products of decomposition of the cyanogen compound and the material added otherwise becomes more orless valueless, the above mentioned admixture has the eifect that the constituents of the residue, thelime and the material added, as wellas the remaining contents of nitrogen compounds, are obtained .in a form which can readily be utilized. The following is a specific example of carrying out our process: 100 kg. of calcium-cyanamid containing 20 per cent. of nitrogen is mixed with 205 kg.

of hydrous nitrate of lime-containing 20 per cent. of water and the mixture heated, if desired while mechanically agitating the mass, to between 120 and 250? Centigrade and maintained at this temperature for from 3 to 6 hours. The mass is then treated with nitric acid until the reaction of the mass is neutral, whereupon it is evaporated until a sample stifliens on cooling. The product will then contain about v15 to 25 per cent. of water. The mass after having been allowed to cool, is reduced to a powder and is then ready for sale. If desired the solution formed on treating the mass with nitric acid,

may be filtered from the residuum insoluble in nitric acid, whereupon the filtrate may be evaporated and further treated in the manner above described.

It is probable that reactions take place during the process as follows We claim 1,. The process i for producing ammonia from cyanid and cyanamid compounds, which consists in heating said materials together with nitrates in the presence of water.

2. The herein described process for pro ducing ammonia from cy. vnid and'cyanamid compounds, which consis s in heating said materials together with nitrate of lime in the presence of water. a

3. The herein described process for.pro-

ducing ammonia from cyanid and cyanamid compounds, which consists in heating said materials together with nitrates in they pres- "ence of water, and reacting on-the residual finixture of nitrates and remainder of prod-' i nets of decomposition of thecyanogen com-' pounds with nitric acid to form ,nitrate of lime.

4. The herein described process for"pro-' fducing ammonia, a cyanogen compound of an alkali-forming metal with an alkali forming metal nitrate whichconsists in heating ducing ammonia, which consists in heating Jcalcmm cyanogen'compounds with calcium nitrate and water, maintaining the mixture heatedfora period of time, drawing ofi' the ammonia produced and neutralizing the remaining' product with nitric acid and drying the residue so obtained.

6. The process fo'r producing ammonia from cyanid-fand cyanamid compounds,

. Copiesv of this patent-may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing which consists in heating said materials together with nitrates in the presence of water vapor.

7. The herein de'scribedprocess for pro; ducing ammonia from'cyamd and cyanamid compounds, which consists in heating said materials together with nitrate of lime in the presence of water vapor.

8. The herein described process of producing ammonia, which consists in heating a cyanogen compound of an alkali forming -.metal with an alkali forming metal nitrateand water vapor heated above the temperature of reaction, maintaining the mixture heated for a-period oftime, whereby the water vapor will carry off the ammonia formed, neutralizing the residue with nitric acid and drying it.,

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention, we have signed our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EMIL' COLLETT. MORITZ ECKARDT.

' Witnesses: v I

' HENRY Bonpnwrcn,

M. GUTHORMBEN.

v Washington, D. G.

the Commissioner 5: intents, 

